This series begins with the normal physiology of glucose regulation then delves into both types 1 and 2 diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome, and pre-diabetes. Each of these states is described in detail with emphasis on their pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnostic criteria, signs and symptoms, and related complications.

Various methods of glucose monitoring are explored, including self-monitoring with a standard glucose meter and use of the new continuous glucose monitoring system. Assessments such as hemoglobin A1C, average blood glucose, estimated average glucose, 1, 5 anhydroglucitol, and urine for ketones are outlined with information about the rationale for their use and testing schedules, and normal and abnormal values.

Finally hypoglycemia, including hypoglycemia unawareness, and hyperglycemic events such as diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state are reviewed. The seven programs provide a wealth of information for physicians, nurses, and other healthcare providers working with individuals with diabetes, and may be used for patient education.

[689.1] PHYSIOLOGY OF GLUCOSE CONTROL
It is vital that the physiology of glucose regulation be understood so that patients with diabetes can be well cared for. This program describes the roles of the pancreas and liver in maintaining normoglycemia. In addition, insulin is discussed, including its effect on carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism. Finally, the counter-regulatory hormones are explored. Art is used throughout this presentation to enhance and explain the material.
17 minutes DVD: 978-0-8400-2036-9

[689.2] PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF TYPE 1 DIABETES
This program focuses on type 1 diabetes, a disorder that most often affects children, adolescents, and young adults. The American Diabetic Association's (ADA) criteria for its diagnosis are discussed. In addition, the possible causes, common signs and symptoms, pathophysiology, and complications of this disease are explored. Art is used throughout for emphasis and clarity. 11 minutes DVD: 978-0-8400-2037-6

[689.3] PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF TYPE 2 DIABETES
This program focuses on type 2, the most prevalent form of diabetes. The ADA's criteria for its diagnosis are discussed. Furthermore, the causes - including obesity and sedentary lifestyle, pathophysiology, common signs and symptoms, and complications of this disease - are explained. Art is used throughout to enhance the materials presented. 12 minutes
DVD: 978-0-8400-2038-3

[689.4] PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF METABOLIC SYNDROME AND PRE-DIABETES
This program focuses on two conditions which put individuals at risk for the development of type 2 diabetes. The first is Metabolic Syndrome, whose definition and cause are not completely clear. Therefore, criteria for diagnosis as developed by World Health Organization (WHO), the National Cholesterol Education Program - Adult Panel - III (NCEP - ATP - III), and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) are all included. In addition, several theories about the cause of the syndrome - including insulin resistance and hormonal influences - are explored. Furthermore, treatment protocols such as exercise, weight loss, and diet are explained. The second condition is pre-diabetes. Risk factors and diagnostic criteria for this state are listed. Techniques to reduce the chance of this state from progressing into type 2 diabetes are also discussed. 12 minutes
DVD: 978-0-8400-2039-0

[689.5] GLUCOSE MONITORING
Glucose monitoring is the best tool to prevent complications associated with diabetes. This program will describe several types of equipment including the standard glucose meter as well as a continuous glucose monitoring system. In addition, hemoglobin A1C and average blood glucose values will be explained, including a new approach which allows for easy comparison of the two assessments. The measurement of 1, 5 anhydroglucitol and urine ketone testing will also be described. 12 minutes DVD: 978-0-8400-2040-6

689.6] HYPOGLYCEMIA
Hypoglycemia is a common occurrence in individuals with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. This program focuses on the pathology associated with this disturbance as well as its signs and symptoms, treatment protocols, and prevention strategies. In addition, hypoglycemia unawareness is explained. Both art and scenarios are used to complement the material presented. 17 minutes DVD: 978-0-8400-2041-3

[689.7] HYPERGLYCEMIA
This program provides information on two of the most serious forms of hyperglycemia: diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) which is associated with type 1 diabetes and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) which is related to type 2. Each of these disorders is discussed using scenarios and art. Information on their pathophysiology as well as the signs and symptoms and diagnostic criteria of each entity is featured. In addition, interventions used in the management of the acute phases of both conditions are outlined. 17 minutes
DVD: 978-0-8400-2042-0.